Testing for PPP: Should We Use Panel Methods?

How should we charge for preadmission testing?

Rehabilitation Services: Why should we use Tele-rehabilitation in IRAN? (Necessity and Application)

People living in rural areas far from health care centers are more likely to require health care services due to their long distances services and poverty(1). Tele-rehabilitation is considered as one of the rapidly emerging and growing areas of telemedicine and a precious model for providing clinical services like assessment, treatment and follows up as well as reducing the length of time for h...

Spatial Correlation Testing for Errors in Panel Data Regression Model

To investigate the spatial error correlation in panel regression models, various statistical hypothesizes and testings have been proposed. This paper, within introduction to spatial panel data regression model, existence of spatial error correlation and random effects is investigated by a joint Lagrange Multiplier test, which simultaneously tests their existence. For this purpose, joint Lagrang...

How Sure Are We About PPP? Panel Evidence with the Null of Stationary Real Exchange Rates

There has been serious suspicion of a spurious rejection of the unit roots in panel studies of PPP due to the failure to control for cross-sectional dependence. This article presents evidence of mean-reversion in industrial country real exchange rates in a set up that accounts naturally for cross-sectional dependence, is invariant to the benchmark currency and capable of detecting against regim...

Should we use a case-crossover design?

The first decade of experience with case-crossover studies has shown that the design applies best if the exposure is intermittent, the effect on risk is immediate and transient, and the outcome is abrupt. However, this design has been used to study single changes in exposure level, gradual effects on risk, and outcomes with insidious onsets. To estimate relative risk, the exposure frequency dur...